中文名称:神经节苷脂
- 神经节苷酯GM1; 神经节苷酯,GM1; GM1
- Asialoganglioside GM1
- Asialo GM1 ganglioside; Asialo GM1; Asialo GM1 glycolipid; Ganglio-N-tetraosylceramide; Ganglioside, asialo GM1; Ganglioside GA1, de(N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminosyl)-(2-3B); Ceramide tetrahexoside; Ganglioside GM1; asialo; Gangliotetraosyl ceramide; GM1; Monosialotetrahexosylganglioside; chromium; N-{(1S,2R,3E)-1-[(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)methyl]-2-hydroxyheptadec-3-en-1-yl}tetracosanamide; N-{(1S,2R,3E)-1-[(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)methyl]-2-hydroxyheptadec-3-en-1-yl}docosanamide; N-[(2S,3R,4E)-1-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-2-yl]octadecanamide; (2S,4R,5S,6S)-2-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6R)-3-acetamido-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-2-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(E)-3-hydroxy-2-(octadecanoylamino)octadec-4-enoxy]tetrahydropyran-3-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-4-yl]oxy-5-amino-6-[3-[(2R,4R,5S,6S)-5-amino-2-carboxy-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-1,2-dihydroxy-propyl]-4-hydroxy-tetrahydropyran-2-carboxylic acid; N-[(3E)-1-({[β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->3)-2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy}methyl)-2-hydroxyheptadec-3-en-1-yl]octadecanamide
- 71012-19-6
- 231-157-5
- C62H114N2O23
- 1255.5682
- InChI=1/C62H114N2O23/c1-4-6-8-10-12-14-16-18-19-21-23-25-27-29-31-33-46(71)64-40(41(70)32-30-28-26-24-22-20-17-15-13-11-9-7-5-2)38-80-60-54(78)51(75)57(44(36-67)83-60)86-62-55(79)52(76)56(45(37-68)84-62)85-59-47(63-39(3)69)58(49(73)43(35-66)81-59)87-61-53(77)50(74)48(72)42(34-65)82-61/h30,32,40-45,47-62,65-68,70,72-79H,4-29,31,33-38H2,1-3H3,(H,63,69)(H,64,71)/b32-30+/t40?,41?,42-,43-,44-,45-,47-,48+,49+,50+,51-,52-,53-,54-,55-,56+,57-,58-,59+,60?,61+,62+/m1/s1
- 1.28g/cm3
- 1302°C at 760 mmHg
- 741.2°C
- 0mmHg at 25°C
- 神经节苷脂(Gangliosides)是含唾液酸的糖神经鞘脂,存在于哺乳类动物细胞膜,神经系统中含量尤其丰富,是神经细胞膜的组成成分,在神经发生、生长、分化过程中起必不可少的作用,对于损伤后的神经修复也非常重要,具有促进神经再生、促进神经轴突生长和突触形成、恢复神经支配功能;改善神经传导、促进脑电活动及其它神经电生理指标的恢复;保护细胞膜、促进细胞膜各酶活性恢复等作用
GM1 是最重要的神经节苷脂之一,在中枢神经系统病变的治疗中起重要作用。GM1 除具有上述神经节苷脂的共同作用外,还可以通过维持中枢神经细胞膜上的Na+ -K+ -ATP酶及 Ca2+ -Mg2+-ATP酶的活性,起到维持细胞内外离子平衡、减轻神经细胞水肿、防止细胞内Ca2+ 积聚的作用;GM1可以对抗兴奋性氨基酸的神经毒性作用,减少自由基对神经细胞的损害等。因此,GM1具有促进神经重构(神经重塑,神经可塑性,Neuroplasticity)的作用,即通过促进各种形态、生化、组化、神经生理及行参的改善,最终可以加速神经修复,最程度地恢复原有的神经功能。
GM1 能促进种原因引起的中枢神经系统损伤后神经功能的恢复,促进神经重构。实验显示GM1对血管性脑损伤、创伤性脑脊髓损伤神经细胞的恢复有促进作用和细胞保护作用。
- 用于治疗血管性或外伤性中枢神经系统损伤;帕金森氏病。
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